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LRU 缓存⚓︎

Leetcode题目链接

描述⚓︎

详见中文题目链接

解答⚓︎

struct LinkedNode {
    int key, value;
    LinkedNode* prev;
    LinkedNode* next;

    LinkedNode() : key(0), value(0), prev(nullptr), next(nullptr) {}
    LinkedNode(int _key, int _value) : key(_key), value(_value), prev(nullptr), next(nullptr) {}
};

class LRUCache {
private:
    unordered_map<int, LinkedNode*> cache;
    LinkedNode* head;
    LinkedNode* tail;
    int size;
    int capacity;

    void addToHead(LinkedNode* node) {
        node->prev = head;
        node->next = head->next;
        head->next->prev = node;
        head->next = node;
    }

    void removeNode(LinkedNode* node) {
        node->prev->next = node->next;
        node->next->prev = node->prev;
    }

    void moveToHead(LinkedNode* node) {
        removeNode(node);
        addToHead(node);
    }

    LinkedNode* removeTail() {
        LinkedNode* node = tail->prev;
        removeNode(node);
        return node;
    }

public:
    LRUCache(int _capacity) : capacity(_capacity), size(0) {
        head = new LinkedNode();
        tail = new LinkedNode();
        head->next = tail;
        tail->prev = head;
    }

    int get(int key) {
        // if key does not exist, return -1
        if (!cache.count(key)) return -1;
        // if key exists, use hash map to locate, and move to head
        LinkedNode* node = cache[key];
        moveToHead(node);
        return node->value;
    }

    void put(int key, int value) {
        if (!cache.count(key)) {
            // if key does not exist, create a new node
            LinkedNode* node = new LinkedNode(key, value);
            // add to hash map
            cache[key] = node;
            // add to head of double linked list
            addToHead(node);
            size++;

            if (size > capacity) {
                // delete tail node if size is larger than capacity
                LinkedNode* removed = removeTail();
                cache.erase(removed->key);
                delete removed;
                size--;
            }
        } else {
            // if key exists, locate through hash map and move the modified node to head
            LinkedNode* node = cache[key];
            node->value = value;
            moveToHead(node);
        }
    }
};

/**
 * Your LRUCache object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * LRUCache* obj = new LRUCache(capacity);
 * int param_1 = obj->get(key);
 * obj->put(key,value);
 */